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The seventh bankruptcy of Sharirasthana of Sushruta Samhita is known as as Sira Varna Vibhakti Shariram. This bankruptcy offers with Classification of Veins.
अथातःसिरावर्णविभक्तिशरीरंव्याख्यास्यामः॥१॥
यथोवाचभगवान्धन्वन्तरिः॥२॥
We will now expound the bankruptcy by means of title Sira Varna Vibhakti Sarira- classification of veins in line with their colour; as published by means of the venerable Dhanvantari.
Sira Sankhya – Pratana – quantity and distribution of veins
सप्तसिराशतानिभवन्ति;याभिरिदंशरीरमारामइवजलहारिणीभिःकेदारइवच्कुल्याभिरुपस्निह्यतेऽनुह्यते चाकुञ्चनप्रसारणादिभिर्विशेषैः; द्रुमपत्रसेवनीनामिवतासांप्रतानाः; तासांनाभिर्मूलं, ततश्चप्रसरन्त्यूर्ध्वमधस्तिर्यकच ॥३॥
Numbers of Siras – There are in overall 700 siras within the frame.
Functions of siras –
– They continuously nourish the frame
– They stay the frame continuously lubricated and moistened in order that the purposes reminiscent of flexion, extension and so forth will also be carried out with utmost ease
Analogy – The siras nourish and lubricate the frame in some way very similar to a big box (human frame on this context) being nourished by means of small channels of water (sira on this context).
Distribution – In the frame, the siras unfold out similar to the ribs of the leaf.
Mula – The fatherland for the entire siras within the frame is nabhi – umbilicus / navel. After taking their beginning from nabhi, the siras unfold upwards, downwards and sideward.
Nabhimula – Umbilicus, their beginning
भवतश्चात्र श्र्लोकौ-
यावत्यस्तुसिराःकायेसंभवन्तिशरीरिणाम् ॥
नाभ्यांसर्वानोबद्धास्ताःप्रतन्वतिसमन्ततः ॥४॥
नाभिस्थाःप्राणिनांप्राणाः प्राणान्नाभिर्व्युपाश्रिता॥
सिराभिरावृतानाभिश्चक्रनाभिरिवारकैः ॥५॥
Two verses right here:
All Siras within the frame are hooked up to the Nabhi – umbilicus. Taking beginning from right here, the siras unfold out to the entire puts by means of travelling in all instructions, upwards, downwards and facet ward.
Prana – the necessary lifestyles part is living within the siras of the nabhi and then again, the nabhi is the seat of the entire siras. The nabhi is surrounded by means of a community of siras similar to the axle hollow of the wheel is surrounded by means of the spokes.
Mula Sira Vibhijana – Branching of root veins
तासांमूलसिराश्चत्वारिंशतु; तासांवातवाहिन्योदश, पित्तवाहिन्योदश, कफवाहिन्योदश, रक्तवाहिन्यः। तासांतुवातवाहिनीनांवातवाहिनीनांवातस्थानगतानांपञ्चसप्ततिशतंभवति, तावत्यएवपित्तवाहिन्यःपित्तस्थाने,कफवाहिन्यश्चकफवाहिन्यश्चकफस्थाने,रक्तवाहिन्यश्र्च यकृतत्प्लीह्रोः एवमेतानिसप्तसिराशतानि॥६॥
Among the siras, there are 40 mula siras i.e. root veins.
Of those 40 mula siras –
– Ten siras lift vata
– Ten siras lift pitta
– Ten siras lift kapha and
– Ten siras lift rakta
The ten Vata wearing Sira (veins) additional divide into 100 and seventy-five branches on attaining the seat of Vata.
The ten Pitta wearing Sira (veins) divide into 100 and seventy-five branches on attaining the seat of Pitta.
The ten Kapha wearing Sira (veins) divide into 100 and seventy-five branches on attaining the seat of Kapha.
The ten Rakta (blood) wearing Siras (veins) divide into 100 and seventy-five branches on attaining the seat of rakta i.e. yakrt (liver) and pliha (spleen).
In overall 4 varieties of siras in any case dividing into 100 and seventy-five branches each and every, in combination make up 700 numbers of siras.
Classification of Vatavaha Siras and different Siras
तत्रवातवाहिन्यःसिराएकास्मिन्सक्थ्निपञ्चविंशतिःएतेनेतरसक्थिबाहूचव्याख्यातौ। विशेषतस्तु कोष्ठे चतुस्त्रिंशतूःतासांगुदमेढ्राश्रिताः श्रोण्यामष्टौ,द्वे द्वे पार्श्वयोः,षट्पृष्ठे,तावत्यएवोदरे, दशवक्षसि। एकचत्वारिंशज्जत्रुणऊर्ध्वं; तासांचतुर्दशग्रीवायां, कर्णयोश्चतस्रः, नवजिह्वायां,षट् नासिकायां,अष्टौ नेत्रयोः , एवमेतत्पञ्चसप्ततिशतंवातवाहिनीनांसिराणांव्याख्यातंभवति। एषएवविभागःशेषाणामपि। विशेषतस्तुपित्तवाहिन्यो नेत्रयोर्दश,कर्णयोर्द्वे;एवंरक्तवहाःकफवहाश्च।एवमेतानिसप्तसिराशतानिसविभागानि व्याख्यातानि॥७॥
Below discussed are the divisions and distributions of Vatavaha Siras. The distribution of different Siras too will have to be understood in a similar fashion / trend. Acharya has best described the divisions of 175 Vata wearing Siras as examples.
Division and Distribution of 175 Vatavaha Siras
| Region of the frame | Number of Siras | Distribution |
| Sakti – Right leg (decrease limb) | 25 | Branches disbursed all the way through |
| Sakti – Left Leg (decrease limb) | 25 | Branches disbursed all the way through |
| Bahu – Right Arm (higher limb) | 25 | Branches disbursed all the way through |
| Bahu – Left Arm (higher limb) | 25 | Branches disbursed all the way through |
| Kostha – stomach and chest cavities | 34 | 8 siras in pelvis (4 each and every in anus and penis)
4 siras in flanks (2 in each and every flank) 6 siras within the again 6 siras within the stomach 10 siras within the chest |
| Jatrurdhwa – above the extent of collar bone (head and neck) | 41 | 14 siras within the neck
4 siras within the ears (2 in each and every ear) 9 siras within the tongue 6 siras within the nostril 8 siras within the eyes (4 in each and every eye) |
| Total Siras | 175 | 175 Siras |
Thus, 100 and seventy-five siras which lift vata had been described with their divisions and distribution within the frame.
The closing siras wearing pitta, kapha and rakta too can be categorised in the similar means.
Changes in distribution of siras –
– In case of Pittavaha Siras – there are ten siras within the eyes i.e. 5 in each and every eye, in opposition to 8 vatavaha siras within the eyes. Similarly, there are best 2 siras within the ears i.e. one in each and every ear, in opposition to 4 vatavaha siras within the ears.
– The selection of siras in case of kaphavaha and raktavaha siras as disbursed within the eyes and ear are very similar to pittavaha siras.
Thus, in overall, 700 siras are described together with their divisions and distribution within the frame.
Sira karma – purposes of veins
भवन्तिचात्र
क्रियाणामप्रतीघातममोहंबुद्धिकर्मणाम् ॥
करोत्यन्यान्गुणांश्र्चपिस्वाःसिराःपवनश्चरन् ॥८॥
यदातुकुपितोवायुःस्वाःसिराःप्रपिपद्यते ॥
तदाऽस्यविविधारोगाआयन्तेवातसंभवाः॥९॥
भ्राजिष्णुतामन्नरुचिमग्रिदीप्तिमरोगताम्॥
संसर्पत्स्वाःसिराःपित्तंकुर्याचान्यान्गुणानपि ॥१०॥
यदाप्रकुपितंपित्तंसेवतेस्ववहाःसिराः॥
तदऽस्यविविधारोगाजायन्तेपित्तसंभवाः ॥११॥
स्नेहमङ्गेषुसन्धीनांस्थैर्यंबलमुदीर्णताम् ॥।
करोत्यन्यान्गुणाश्चापिबलासःस्वाःसिराश्चरन् ॥१२॥
यदातुकुपितः श्र्लेष्मास्वाःसिराःप्रतिपद्यते॥
तदाऽस्यविविधारोगाजायन्ते श्र्लेष्मसंभवाः॥१३॥
धातूनांपूरणंवर्णंस्पर्शज्ञानमसंशयम् ॥
स्वाःसिराःसम्चरद्रक्तंकुर्याच्चान्यान्गुणानपि ॥१४॥
यदातुकुपितंरक्तंसेवतेस्ववहाःसिराः ॥
तदाऽस्यविविधारोगाजायन्तेरक्तसंभवाः॥१५॥
Some verses right here:-
While transferring in its personal siras (vatavaha sira), vata allows all actions of the frame to head on easily with none hindrance. It additionally allows easy purposes of the thoughts with out inflicting any fantasy and confusion. It additionally allows many different actions except for those. But then again, when the similar vata will get annoyed and accumulates in its personal siras i.e. vatavaha siras, many sicknesses of vata beginning get manifested within the frame.
Similarly, the pitta transferring in its personal siras i.e. pittavaha siras allows easy conduction of the under discussed purposes –
– imparts brightness of colour / complexion of the outside
– is helping in style belief
– allows keenness of the digestive hearth (helps to keep it activated)
– is helping stay away the sicknesses and in repairs of well being and allows many such actions
On the opposite hand, when annoyed, Pitta accumulates inits personalSirai.e. Pittavaha Siras. This results in building of many sicknesses of pitta beginning within the frame.
Kapha too, whilst transferring in its personal siras i.e. kaphavaha siras bestows the under discussed purposes easily –
– bestows lubrication of the frame portions
– supplies balance and power to the joints of the frame
– augments power of the frame and
– allows many such really helpful actions
The identical kapha when annoyed would acquire in its personal siras i.e. kaphavaha siras which might result in manifestation of many sicknesses of kapha beginning within the frame.
Similarly, Rakta too transferring in its personal siras i.e. raktavaha siras is helping in easy conduction of under stated purposes –
– nourishing the tissues
– bestowing colour and complexion
– keeping up just right tactile sensation and
– many such really helpful actions
When the similar rakta will get annoyed, it accumulates in its personal siras i.e. raktavaha siras and this ultimately results in manifestation of many raktaja sicknesses within the frame.
Siras lift the entire doshas
नहिवातंसिराः काश्र्चन्न पित्तंकेवलंतथा॥
श्र्लेष्माणंवावहन्त्येताअतःसर्ववहाःस्मृताः ॥१६॥
Siras don’t lift anyone dosha. They don’t lift vata, pitta or kapha by myself. In reality, the entire siras would lift the entire doshas.
प्रदुष्टानां हिदोषाणांमूर्च्छितानांप्रधावताम् ॥
ध्रुवमुन्मार्गगमनमतःसर्ववहाःस्मूताः ॥१७॥
When the doshas get annoyed, they in detail get blended with one every other, flow into within the siras and would unquestionably depart their commonplace seats and encroach into different routes in an effort to achieve different seats. Therefore, the veins are regarded as to be sarvavaha i.e. carriers of the entire doshas.
Features of various varieties of Siras
तत्रारुणावातवहाःपूर्यन्तेवायुनासिराः ॥
पित्तादुष्णाश्चनीलाश्र्च, शीतागौर्यःस्थिराःकफात् ॥
असृग्वहास्तुरोहिण्यःसिरानात्युष्णशीतलाः ॥१८॥
| Sira Type | Features |
| Vatavaha Sira | Lighter in colour
Filled with vata |
| Pittavaha Sira | Warm
Blue in colour |
| Kaphavaha Sira | Cold
White Stable |
| Raktavaha Sira | Red in colour
Neither very popular nor very chilly (quite heat) |
Avedhya Sira – veins to not be punctured
अतऊर्ध्वंप्रवक्ष्यामिनविध्येद्याःसिराभिषक् ॥
वैकल्यंमरणंचापिव्यधात्तासांध्रुवंभवेत्॥१९॥
सिराशतानिचत्वारिविद्याच्छाखासुबुद्धिमान् ॥
षट्त्रिंशच्चशतं कोष्ठेचतुःषष्टं चमूर्धनि ॥२०॥
शाखासुषोडशसिराःकोष्ठे द्वात्रिंशदेव तु ॥
पञ्चाशज्जत्रुणश्र्चोर्ध्वमव्यध्याःपरिकीर्तिताः ॥२१॥
Avedhya Siras are the ones veins which will have to no longer be punctured whilst undertaking siravedha – a kind of raktamokshana i.e. bloodletting remedy.
Further on, the ones avedhya siras i.e. veins which will have to no longer be punctured by means of the doctor can be discussed. If those siras are punctured, they might undoubtedly result in deformity or loss of life.
Regarding the selection of siras disbursed in quite a lot of portions of the frame, the smart doctor will have to know that there are –
– 400 siras within the limbs / extremities (higher and decrease limbs put in combination)
– 100 and thirty-six siras within the trunk (thorax and stomach put in combination)
– 100 and sixty-four siras within the portions above the shoulders (head and neck)
Among those 700 siras, the under discussed selection of siras will have to be regarded as as avedya siras i.e. veins no longer appropriate for puncturing –
– 16 siras within the extremities
– 32 siras within the trunk and
– 50 siras above the extent of shoulder i.e. within the head and neck
तत्रसिराशतमेकस्मिन्सक्थ्निभवति; तासांजालधरात्वेका, तिस्रश्चाभ्यन्तराः- तत्रोर्वीसंज्ञे द्वे,लोहिताक्षसंज्ञा चैका, तास्त्वव्यध्याः; एतेनेतरसक्थिबाहूचव्याख्यातौ; एवमशस्त्रकृत्याःषोडशशाखमु॥ द्वात्रिंशच्छ्रोण्यां, तासामष्टावशस्त्रकृत्याः- द्वेद्वे विटपयोः, कटीकतरुणयोश्र्चे,अष्टावष्टावेकैकास्मिन् पार्श्वे, तासामेकैकामूर्ध्वगांपरिहरेत्, पार्श्वशन्धिगतेच द्वे; चतस्त्रोविंशतिश्चपृष्ठे पृष्ठवंशमुभयत्ः, तासामूर्ध्वगामिन्यौ द्वे द्वेपरिहरेद्धहतीसिरे; तावत्यएवोदरे, तासांमेढ्रोपरि
रोमराजीमुभयतो द्वे द्वेपरिहरेत्; चत्वारिंशद्वक्षसि, तासांचतुर्दशाशत्रकृत्या: –
हृदये द्वे, द्वे द्वेस्तनमूले, स्तनरोहितापलापस्तम्भेषूभयतोऽष्ठौ; एवं द्वात्रिंशदशस्त्रकृत्याः पृष्ठोदरोरःसुभवन्ति । चतुःषष्ट सिराशतंजत्रुणऊर्ध्वंभवति; तत्रषट्पञ्चाशच्छिरोधरायां, तासामष्टौ चतस्रश्र्चमर्मसंज्ञाःपरिहरेत्, द्वे कृकाटिकयोः द्वे विधुरयोः, एवंग्रीवायांषोडशाव्यध्याः; हन्वोरुभयतोऽष्ठावष्टौ, तासांतुसन्धिधमन्यौ द्वेद्वे परिहरेत्; षट्त्रिंशज्जिह्वायां, तासमधःषोडशाशस्त्रकृत्याः,
रसवहे द्वे, वाग्वहेच द्वे; द्विर्द्वादश नासायां, तासामौपनासिक्यश्चतस्त्रःपरिहरेत्, तासामेवचतालुन्येकांमृदावुद्देशो; अष्टत्रिंशदुभयोर्नेत्रयोः,तासामेकैकामपाड्गयोःपरिहरेत्; कर्णयोर्दश, तासांशब्दवाहिनीमैकैकांपरिहरेत्; नासानेत्रगततास्तुललाटे षष्टिः, तासांकेशन्तानुगताश्चतस्त्र, आवर्तयोरेकैका, स्थापन्यांचैकापरिहर्तव्या; शङ्खयोर्दश, तासांशङ्खसन्घिगतामेकैकांपरिहरेत्; द्वादश मूर्ध्नि, तासामुत्क्षेपयोर्द्वे परिहरेत्, सीमन्तेष्वेकैकाम्, एकामधिपताविति; एवमशस्त्रकृत्याःपञ्चाशज्जत्रणऊर्ध्वमिति॥२२॥
16 Avedhya Siras within the limbs –
Total selection of siras in a single leg / decrease limb = 100
Number of siras to not be punctured = 4
The siras to not be punctured are –
– 1 sira by means of title Jaladhara
– 2 siras named Urvi that are located deep within the limb
– 1 sira named Lohitaksha
The identical siras by means of title and quantity will have to no longer be punctured within the different decrease limb in addition to each higher limbs. Thus 16 siras (4 in each and every limb) within the sakhas – extremities will have to no longer be punctured or harm / broken by means of sharp tools.
8 Avedhya Siras within the pelvis –
Total selection of siras within the sroni – pelvis = 32
Number of siras to not be punctured – 8
The siras to not be punctured are –
– 2 siras – in each and every Vitapa (marma) = 4 siras
– 2 siras – in each and every Katikataruna (marma) = 4 siras
4 Avedhya Siras within the flanks –
Total selection of siras in parsva i.e. flanks = 16 siras (8 siras in each and every parsva)
Number of siras to not be punctured = 4
The siras to not be punctured are –
– 2 siras – spreading upwards (1 on each and every flank)
– 2 siras – in Parsvasandhi marma (joint of the flanks) (1 in each and every flank)
2 Avedhya Siras within the again –
Total selection of siras in Prstha – again = 24 (in all sides of the vertebral column)
Number of siras to not be punctured = 2
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 Siras – by means of title Brhati, one on each and every facet spreading upwards
4 Avedhya Siras within the stomach –
Total selection of siras within the udara – stomach = 24
Number of siras to not be punctured = 4
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – on each and every facet of the stomach, located above the penis, close to the road of hairs
14 Avedhya Siras within the chest –
Total selection of siras within the ura – chest = 40
Number of siras to not be punctured = 14
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – within the middle
– 2 siras – on each and every facet in stanamula marma (base of breast) = 4
– 2 siras – on each and every facet in stanarohita marma (nipples) = 4
– 1 sira – one on each and every facet in apalapa marma = 2
– 1 sira – one on each and every facet in apastambha marma = 2
Thus, the 32 siras positioned within the again, stomach and chest which will have to no longer be punctured had been enumerated.
16 Avedhya Siras above the extent of shoulders –
Total selection of siras in jatrurdhwa pradesha – above the extent of shoulders = 164,
Among them,
Total Number of Siras within the neck = 56
Number of siras to not be punctured = 16
The siras to not be punctured –
– 8 siras and 4 siras = 12 siras – referred to as Marmas (necessary spots)
– 2 siras – in Krikatika
– 2 siras – in Vidhura
4 Avedhya Siras within the decrease jaw –
Total selection of siras within the hanu – decrease jaw = 16 (8 on each and every facet of the jaw)
Number of siras to not be punctured = 4
The siras to not be punctured –
– 4 siras – positioned within the sandhis (jaw joint) – 2 on each and every facet
4 Avedhya Siras within the tongue –
Total selection of siras within the jihva – tongue = 36
(Out of those 36) Total selection of siras positioned under the tongue = 16
Number of siras to not be punctured = 4
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – named rasavaha siras, which lift rasa
– 2 sitas – named vakvaha, answerable for manufacturing of speech
5 Avedhya Siras within the nostril –
Total selection of siras within the nasa – nostril = 24
Number of siras to not be punctured = 5
The siras to not be punctured –
– 4 siras–that are aupanasika i.e. close to the nostril or base of the nostril
– 1 sira – within the cushy palate
2 Avedhya Siras within the eyes –
Total selection of siras within the eyes – 38 – 19 in each and every eye
Number of siras to not be punctured = 2
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – 1 sira in each and every apanga – outer canthus
2 Avedhya Siras within the ears –
Total selection of siras within the ears = 10 – 2 in each and every ear
Number of siras to not be punctured = 2
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – named Sabdavahini Sira, one in each and every ear
3 Avedhya Siras within the brow –
Total selection of siras within the brow = 60 (siras spreading to the nostril and eyes = 20, nostril = 4 and of the eyes = 36 = 60 siras), those siras apply the border of the hairs
Number of siras to not be punctured = 3
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – in Avarta – 1 on each and every facet
– 1 sira – in Sthapani
2 Avedhya Siras within the temples –
Total selection of siras within the Sankha – temples = 10 (5 in each and every temple)
Number of siras to not be punctured = 2
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – one on each and every facet located on the joint of Sankha
8 Avedhya Siras within the head –
Total selection of siras within the head = 12
Number of siras to not be punctured = 8
The siras to not be punctured –
– 2 siras – in utkshepa – 1 on each and every facet
– 5 siras – in Simanta – 1 in each and every simanta
– 1 sira – in Adhipati
Thus, the fifty siras positioned within the jatrurdhwa desha i.e. above the extent of shoulders which will have to no longer be punctured or injured by means of sharp tools are defined.
भवतिचात्र
One verse right here:-
व्याप्नुवन्त्यभितोदेहंनाभितःप्रस्रुताःसिराः ॥
प्रतानाः पद्मिनीकन्दाद्विसादीनां यथाजलम॥२३॥
Analogy of unfold of siras – Just just like the water spreads from the rhizome of the lotus plant to its stalk and so forth portions of the flower, the siras taking their beginning from the nabhi – navel unfold out via all the frame.
इति श्रीसुश्रुतसंहितायांशारीरस्थानेसिरावर्णभक्तिशारीरंनामसप्तमोऽध्यायः॥७॥
Thus ends the 7th bankruptcy by means of title Siravarana Vibhakti- in Sarira Sthana of Susruta Samhita.
